Wrench



(No Model.) I 8 V 2 sheets -sheet 1.

A. P. JOY.

WRENCH. No. 698,319. Patented Feb. 1, 1898.

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2 SheetsSheet 2.

A. P. JOY. WRENCH.

No. 598,819. Patented Feb. 1, 1898.

77977165865. fawn/07 a. fldiwZJ TATES FFICE.

PATENT WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 598,319, dated February 1, 1898. Application filed July 31,1897. Serial No. 646,644. (No model.)

.To 0155 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ADIN PHILLIPS J OY, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Market, in the county of Rockingham and State of New Hampshire, have invented a new and useful Improvementin Adjustable Screw- WVrenches, of which the following is a specification.

The purpose of my invention is to provide an adjustable screw-wrench which, in addition to performing the functions of an ordinary single-motion wrench, shall be adapted to grasp and hold with a powerful or vise-like grip a given object and to automatically retain this grip until released by the user.

While my wrench is serviceable for all the ordinary uses of adjustable wrenches, its merits. are seen to especial advantage when it is used for oiling the axle-journals of wheeled vehicles, as with it an axle-nut may be left upon the ground while the journal is being oiled without danger of the face of such nut coming in contact with dust or grit.

My wrench in general construction is of the monkey type, now in universal use, in

which the movable or adjustable jaw is fed toward or away from the primary or stationary jaw by a screw-threaded rod swiveled at one end to the shank of the primary jaw and screwing through the shank of the movable aw.

The drawings accompanying this specification represent, in Figure 1, a side view, in Fig.

3 in such drawings denotes the shank of the movable or adjustable jaw, such shank being a rod or bar having a screw-thread 4 (preferably of steep pitch to effect rapid movements of the jaw) out upon its outer part, this screw working in a nut 5, swiveled to the shank 2 of the stationary jaw and operating to advance or retract the movable jaw,which is shown at 6.

The above construction is that of a wrench of the monkey type.

In carrying out my improvements I do not form the movable jaw integral with the shank thereof, but independent of it, and making part of a plate or carrier 7, which is received and slides in a longitudinal recess 8 in the top of the shank of the movable jaw. I

The movable jaw 6 is adjusted independently of the screw-threaded rod 3 as follows: 9 denotes a cylindrical stud extending laterally from the inside of the carrier-plate 7, this stud constituting the pivot of an eccentric 10, the strap of which is shown at 11 as constituting the outer end of the screw-threaded rod 3. The stud 9 is received and adapted to slide within a slot 9, created longitudinally in the outer part of the shank 2 of the stationary jaw.

The eccentric 10 is formed with a horn 12, which serves not only as a handle to operate the eccentric, but byresting at its free end upon the ground to uphold above the surface of such ground the objecta carriage-axle nut, for instance-gripped by the wrench.

13 in the drawings represents a handle se-" cured at right angles to the stationary-jaw shank, as shown in Fig. 1. This handle is a useful adjunct to the wrench, as by means of it the wrench may be turned rapidly when it is desired so to do-as, for example, in removing or screwing on the nut of a carriageaxle or in any case where the wrench is to be turned a number of times.

It will be seen by referring to Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings that the movement of the horn 12 is in a path at right angles to the longest plane of the primary-jaw shank 2 and that the handle 13 extends at right angles also to such plane, but upon the opposite side of the said shank, and, further, that such horn and handle, with the extreme end of the shank, constitute a tripod, which upholds the jaws of the wrench and an object grasped by the latter above the surface of the ground or other support.

In many instances the horn 12 would naturally be left in such a position after the closing for the first time of the movable jaw upon a given object that its free end could be placed upon the ground and thereby raise such object above the surface of the latter; but with a little practice the user of the wrench in effecting the first closing of the movable jaw by means of the nut 5 could readily leave such jaw at a point where the final closing of it could be effected with the horn projecting at right angles, or approximately so, to the body of the wrench, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. In a screw-Wrench the combination with the primary jaw, its integral body or shank, and the movable jaw adapted to slide longitudinally upon such shank, and a screwthreaded rod or carriage operated by a thumbnut swiveled to such shank or carriage, of a cam or. eccentric embraced by said carriage, and pivoted to the movable jaw, and operating to automatically maintain the grip of the two jaws upon a given object when the wrench leaves the users hands, substantially as explained.

2. In a screw-wrench the combination, of the primary jaw and its integral body or shank,-the movable jaw adapted to slide longitudinally upon such shank-a screw-threaded rod or carriage operated by a thumb-nut swiveled to such shank-and a cam or eccentric embraced by such carriage, and pivoted to the movable jaw and operating to automatically maintain the grip of the two jaws upon a given object, when the Wrench is out of the users hands.

3. A screw-Wrench containing the following elementsa primary or stationary jaw, with its integral body or shanka movable jaw composed of two portions, susceptible of longitudinal adjustment with respect to each other, and of common adjustment upon the shank of the primary jaw; and a cam 01 cccentric connecting the two portions of the movable jaw, and operating to effect adjust- -ment thereof, the above-described parts being so constructed and operating, that the eccentric automatically maintains the viselike grip of the two jaws upon a given object, when the wrench is free'from the control of the user, substantially as explained.

4:. The combination of the primary and movable jaws-the eccentric operating to effect adjustment of the two portions of said surface of the ground, or other support of the wrench; and the handle carried by the shank or body of the primary jaw, and forming a second element to aid in upholding the jaws; said horn and handle constituting, in con nection with the end of the hand-grasp of the primary-jaw shank, a tripod, as and for the purposes stated.

5. The herein-described wrench, consisting of the primary jaw and its shank, with the longitudinal slot in the latterthe'movable jaw making part of a carrier-plate, sliding in a groove in the said shankthe screwthreaded rod or carriage disposed upon the side of such shank opposite to that occupied by the movable jaw, and operated by a thumbnut swiveled to the shank and connected with the carrier-plate of the movable jaw by a stud which extends through the slot of the primaryjaw shank, and constitutes the pivot of the eccentric-and the eccentric embraced by the screw-threaded carriage of the movable jaw, and operating to eifect not only adjustment of the two portions of the movable jaw but to automatically maintain the grip of the wrench upon a given object, independent of the user, substantially as explained.

6. The herein-described wrench, consisting of the primary jaw and its shank with the longitudinal slot in the latterthe movable jaw making part of a carrier-plate sliding in a groove in the said shank-the screwthreaded rod or carriage disposed upon the side of such shank opposite to that occupied by the movable-jaw carrier and operated by a thumb-nut swiveled to the shank, and connected with the carrier-plate of the movable jaw by a stud which extends through the slot of the primary-jaw shank and constitutes the pivot of the eccentric-the eccentric, embraced by the head of the screw-threaded carriage of the movable jaw, and operating to efiect not only adjustment of the two portions of such jaw, but to automatically maintain the grip of the wrench upon a given object, independent of the user; and the horn, serving as a means of operating the eccentric, and adapted to rest upon the ground or other support of the wrench, and uphold the said wrench independent of the user, substantially as explained.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ADIN PHILLIPS JOY. Witnesses:

FRANCIS O. STANWOOD, F. CURTIS. 

